It is also desirable to minimize the parasitic capacitance of electronic packages because it is another source of signal delay. Use smaller font size for block quotations, and also indent them from both margins, for example: If you use longer quotations (of three lines and more), use a block quotation by setting the block of quoted text as a paragraph. If you need to leave some unnecessary words out of the quotation, use a set of dots ( …), called an ellipsis, indicating a break in quotes.Īs seen in, “the proposed circuit has improved signal attenuation … and has been experiencing less performance degradation due to resistor variation”. suggest that energy storage is achieved "by means of static charge rather than of an electro-chemical process inherent to the battery". have noted that "full 3D stacking can potentially offer additional advantages for memory and processor applications". Please check that the in-text citation numbers match the reference list numbers.ĭirect quotes are used to support an argument showing the exact words and phrases of an author according to the original source. Enclose quotes in double quotation marks and provide the citation in square brackets after the quotation or after the author’s name along with the page number(s).īaez et al. “Jones proposed a new approach for sensor and actuator selection problems).Įditing the in-text citation numbers may require renumbering the whole reference list. “in Jones ” should be changed to “in ”) except in such cases where the author’s name is integral to the understanding of the sentence (e.g. Bellamy et al., Computer Telephony Integration, New York: Wiley, 2010.ĭo not mention authors of a source or provide date of publication within the text (e.g. in the reference list for more than 6 authors, e.g.: In the reference list, however, list all the authors for up to six authors– use et al. (meaning ‘and others') after the first author in the text of the paper.
If there are more than three authors, provide et al. stated that they were unable to determine why … Jones, and Zheng and Rogers have stated …Īzzarello et al. When authors are mentioned, they may be treated in the following way: ”.įurthermore, citations may be grammatically treated either as if they were:Īs mentioned earlier, –, … Ĭitations of references may be given simply as “in. Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems are widely used for circuit analysis simplification. The in-text citations numbers start at and continue in ascending order throughout the paper – unless you are referring to a source you have already cited in your text, in which case you can use the previously assigned number.Įach in-text citation number should be enclosed by square brackets and appear on the text line, inside sentence punctuation, with a space before the bracket, e.g. IEEE in-text citations consist of numbers provided in square brackets, which correspond to the appropriate sources in the reference list at the end of the paper.
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